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CAUSES OF MALE INFERTILITY

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OBSTRUCTIVE AZOOSPERMIA

Male infertility is primarily observed because of a blockage in the male reproductive tract. In medical science, it is called Obstructive Azoospermia (OA). Some men have this disorder because although the sperm is being produced in the testes it is found absent the semen because of a blockage. But in the majority of the OA cases the sperm can be recovered with the help of microsurgery and can be used in an IVF-ICSI treatment.

Why do some men suffer from OA?

Main causes of obstructive azoospermia are:

  • Sexually transmitted diseases
  • Retrograde ejaculation (congenital conditions)
  • Genetic issues or cystic fibrosis
  • Scar tissue
  • Vasectomy
  • Hernia surgery

But men with OA disorder needn't worry. They can seek proper advice and help from Xenith Advanced Fertility Center, Pune. When we receive any such case we carry out the simple procedure called TESA and subsequently the IVF-ICSI treatment is given. This helps to recover the sperm and depending upon the cause of OA appropriate treatment is given so that the problem is sorted out permanently.

The other type of azoospermia is defined as Non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA). NOA is normally observed when mature sperm is found absent in the semen because of the non-production of sperm at various stages. Here in this case, though the sperm is found absent in the semen, there could be some areas in the testes which are capable of producing mature sperm. In such a case, sperm may be noticed during the surgery through a microscopic view of testicular sperm. This is called Micro-TESE. This is indeed the latest invention in surgery and its success largely depends on the skill and experience of the surgeon.

What are the causes of Non-obstructive Azoospermia?

Prominent causes of NOA are:

  • Radiation
  • Maturation blockage or arrest. This is the case where sperm is present but it fails to mature.
  • Absence of Leydig cells. This is the case where only Sertoli cells are found and Leydig cells are missing.
  • Excessive / unnecessary / wrong medication.
  • Chromosomal causes or genetic issues
  • Infections
  • Twisting of the testes in the scrotum
  • Hormonal problems

At Xenith Advanced Fertility Center we receive quite a few patients who seek help in connection with NOA. Generally, a Micro-TESE is advised, which involves small surgery. In some cases, hormonal therapy is suggested for men in order to explore the availability of viable sperm. And further, treatment is extended to isolate the mature sperm in the testicle which can be used in IVF-ICSI.

Low Concentration of sperm

In some men, the low concentration of sperm is observed. This deformity is known as Oligospermia and quite often because of the low concentration of sperm some abnormalities are found in sperm morphology and motility.

The causes of oligospermia are:

  • Lack of hormonal support
  • Radiation
  • Chemotherapy
  • Surgery
  • Infection
  • Process of natural aging
  • Use of steroids
  • Poor health conditions
  • Immunology issues
  • Testicular factors (varicocele)

Apart from this couple of other obstacles like Asthenospermia and Teratospermia is observed with semen. Asthenospermia is because of low sperm motility and Teratospermia is about abnormal sperm morphology.

How can you seek advice for oligospermia?

Experts at Xenith Advanced Fertility Center can give you proper advice and treatment for oligospermia. In order to improve the quality of sperm, you may be advised to supplemental and hormonal regime before giving IVF-ICSI treatment.

Retrogressive Ejaculation

As a part of the natural process, when the ejaculation takes place the sphincter of the bladder closes before it, thus forcing the semen to exit via the urethra. However, in case of some damage to the bladder sphincter, the process of ejaculation does not take place smoothly. The sperm flows back into the bladder and mixes with the urine. However, it is heartening to state that many cases retrogressive ejaculation can be cured and sperm can be retrieved either through a urine sample or Testicular Sperm Aspiration (TESA).

Causes retrograde ejaculation
  • Congenital conditions
  • Injury
  • Diabetes
  • Excessive / unnecessary / wrong medication
  • Surgery

For getting proper treatment on such issues, you can approach Xenith Advanced Fertility Center. In the majority of the cases the retrogressive ejaculation the sperm can be retrieved from urine sample or during the process of an IVF-ICSI cycle. Alternatively, the sperm can also be recovered through TESA.

It is, therefore, advisable to contact the experts to learn more about such treatments or to have semen analysis (in case of some problems).

Frequently Asked Question

Q : What are the cause of infertility in men?

A : Infertility in men is most often caused by:

Low or inadequate production of sperm or its total absence.

The problem of sperm motility, because of which sperm’s ability to reach the egg and fertilize it is doubtful. Primarily due to abnormality in sperm shape or its structure affects its motility.

You can get proper treatment at Xenith Advanced Infertility center on any of the above symptoms which are causing deformity or disorder in sperm formation.